Definition
Form 5471 is an information return required by the Internal Revenue Service for certain U.S. persons who are officers, directors, or shareholders in foreign corporations.
Purpose
The form gathers details about the foreign corporation’s financial condition, ownership structure, earnings, and transactions with related parties. It helps the IRS enforce tax rules on Subpart F income and Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income.
Who Must File
A U.S. person must file if they meet any of these tests: • U.S. shareholder of a controlled foreign corporation (CFC) owning 10 percent or more of voting power or value • U.S. person acquiring or disposing of enough stock to reach the 10 percent threshold • Officer or director of a CFC when a U.S. shareholder owns at least 10 percent Multiple categories can apply, and thresholds vary by the test.
Penalties
Failing to file or filing late can trigger a $10,000 penalty per form, with additional penalties if not corrected timely. Continuous failure may lead to more severe fines.
